9 Revolutionary Aircraft Engine Breakthroughs That Changed Aviation History

3. Rolls-Royce Merlin

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The Rolls-Royce Merlin engine powered iconic aircraft such as the Spitfire and Hurricane, playing a critical role in World War II. Its advanced cooling system and innovative two-stage supercharger enabled exceptional high-altitude performance. Capable of producing over 1,500 horsepower while maintaining reliability under extreme conditions, the Merlin set new standards for piston engine design. Continuous improvements during the war years led to enhanced fuel efficiency and increased power output, solidifying the Merlin's reputation as one of the most successful piston engines in history.